Polycystic ovary disease (PCOS) is a condition that affects women's reproductive health. One of the markers used to diagnose PCOS is serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). AMH is produced by granulosa cells from small preantral and early antral follicles and is a marker of ovarian reserve. In women with PCOS, mean AMH concentrations are high but overlap with those of age-matched women without PCOS. A serum AMH concentration >4.7 ng/mL had a specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing PCOS of 79 and 83 percent, respectively. Serum concentrations of AMH were two- to threefold higher in women with PCOS compared with normal ovulatory women. The relationship between polycystic ovary disease and AMH is that high levels of AMH are associated with the presence of polycystic ovaries in women with PCOS. Androgen excess in the ovary stimulates primordial follicle growth, causing an increase in antral follicle count that contributes to polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). Thus, AMH levels are independently related on the one hand to the size of the follicle pool ("follicle reserve") and PCOM, and on the other hand, to hyperandrogenism. In addition to its diagnostic value, high insulin levels are also a marker for other health concerns that occur with this disease. Women with polycystic ovaries have high levels of insulin and resistance to insulin’s effects. The high insulin levels make them more likely to become obese, develop diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. Excess insulin may trigger the ovaries to make extra androgen hormones. Insulin resistance may be a trigger for polycystic ovary syndrome in some women. Genetics and the way that some of the body’s glands are programmed (the ovaries, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal gland) also play a role in causing this condition. Androgen levels are often elevated in women with PCOS, increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome and obesity and causing hirsutism. Over the long term, androgen excess increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension and hyperlipidemia. The risk of androgen excess and its complications may be just as high in women who are not overweight as in those who are. In conclusion, AMH is a marker used to diagnose PCOS, which is a condition that affects women's reproductive health. High levels of AMH are associated with the presence of polycystic ovaries in women with PCOS. Insulin resistance may be a trigger for polycystic ovary syndrome in some women. Genetics and the way that some of the body’s glands are programmed also play a role in causing this condition. Women with PCOS have high levels of insulin and resistance to insulin’s effects, making them more likely to become obese, develop diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. Androgen levels are often elevated in women with PCOS, increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome and obesity and causing hirsutism.
Ref:
https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/polycystic-ovary-syndrome.html 
