One significant aspect diabetes affect is sperm quality, specifically the ability to fertilize an egg. This can make it difficult for couples trying to conceive naturally.
• In vitro fertilization (IVF) has been proven to be very effective in helping these individuals with diabetes achieve pregnancy. In addition to assisted reproductive techniques, lifestyle changes can play a crucial role in managing male infertility caused by diabetes. However, diabetes can influence epigenetic modifications during sperm spermatogenesis. Epigenetic dysregulation, caused by diabetes, may be inherited through the male germ cells. The effects of diabetes on male fertility can be transferred to future generations. Other impactful mechanisms can be detailed in such that diabetes can cause over 80 percent of infertile men to have low sperm concentrations and poor sperm quality, including decreased sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) and abnormal sperm morphology (teratozoospermia). Men with diabetes are at a higher risk for developing erectile dysfunction (ED), which can also impact fertility. Factors associated with ED in men with diabetes include peripheral or autonomic neuropathy, retinopathy, long duration of diabetes, hypogonadism, and poor glycemic management. Therefore, the ramifications of diabetes on male sexual and reproductive function extends beyond infertility. These issues can significantly affect the overall sexual and reproductive health of men with diabetes. The impact of diabetes on make fertility can contribute to declining population health by reducing the ability to conceive naturally. Diabetes-related male infertility adds a layer of complexity to successful pregnancy and positive outcomes.
• Treatment options for diabetes management in regard to sexual function involve intensive glycemic control that may reduce the development of erectile dysfunction but does not reverse or improve it once it has developed.
• The management of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes is similar to that for men without diabetes.
• Further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between diabetes and male infertility. It is important for individuals with diabetes who are experiencing fertility issues to consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate evaluation and management.
Ref:
https://www.thehealthsite.com/diseases-conditions/diabetic-foot/world-diabetes-day-2021-how-controlling-diabetes-can-help-with-your-fertility-846844/ 
